So how do you write a good
short story? Here’s some thoughts
Rules of the short story
The best stories are the ones
that follow a fairly narrow subject line: too many plotlines and you end up
with a novel!
An effective short story often
covers a very short time span. It may be one single episode that proves pivotal
in the life of the character.
Don't have too many
characters. Each new character will bring a new dimension to the story, and too
many diverse dimensions dilute the theme. Have only enough characters to
effectively tell the story.
Make every word count. There
is no room for unnecessary expansion in a short story. If each word is not
working towards putting across the story, delete it.
Beginning your short story
However you start your story,
the beginning should have The Question, something that hooks your reader. You
need to grab them from those first lines.
One way do to this is intrigue
the reader. For instance, “Bill Bloggs was dead” may give the end away but the
readers wants to find out why he died and if he deserved it.
The dropped introduction can
also work: “Betty was a pleasant woman. She would do anything for anyone.
Everyone liked old Betty. A true angel, they used to say. Which was why it was
such a shock when she was killed by a Mafia hitman.”
There is another way of
hooking readers, in which the writer can draw us in with the sheer quality of
their writing, as in books like Cider with Rosie by Laurie Lee.
Whatever you do, remember that
all stories begin in the middle - the people you write about have already
plenty of history. What you are doing is catapulting the reader into their
life.
The middle of the story
The middle is there to keep
the story going, fill in gaps, create tension and allow the story to develop
but it should only be as long as if needed, not overwritten or underwritten.
Write your short story in a
series of episodes, maybe only a few lines long. Short stories are a series of small
chapters, maybe only a few lines but representing a development in the story.
This requires really effective writing
because, whereas in a novel you might have eight or nine pages to recount an
incident, that luxury simply does not exist in a short story.
If you take our competition, our limit
for a story is 2,000 words. Sounds a lot but not if you let your episodes run
too long.
So, how do you achieve such tight
writing? Well, it might be that you describe a location in a line rather than a
paragraph, produce only sparing details of your character or recount a
conversation in four snatches of dialogue rather than a page.
Many winning short story authors in
competitions around the world have been those who achieved such effective
writing.
All of this is not to say that when you
write a novel, you can waffle on to your heart’s content. Indeed, the disciplines of
short story writing can be invaluable when you tackle a novel. Whatever you
write, every word must do its job. it’s a good mantra to live by.
The end of the story
There are all sorts of ways of
ending a short story but the most popular is some kind of twist, something that
startles the reader, or perhaps makes sense of the rest of the story. On the other hand, you may go for a poignant
ending.
There is also a growing trend
for stories that simply stop.
Any of these is fine: the
really important thing is that you do it well.
John Dean